Disonansi Kognitif dan Kohesi Sosial pada Muslim Perkotaan: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58794/sumur.v4i1.2019Keywords:
Islamic Social Psychology, Dissonance Cognitive, Social Cohesion, urban moslemAbstract
Tinjauan literatur ini menganalisis 30 studi terkemuka yang mengeksplorasi hubungan antara disonansi kognitif dan kohesi antarkelompok dalam konteks komunitas Muslim perkotaan. Penelitian ini mencakup berbagai konteks geografis termasuk Irak, Inggris, Australia, Kanada, dan Eropa Barat, dengan rentang publikasi dari 2007 hingga 2025. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa Muslim perkotaan mengalami disonansi kognitif yang kompleks terkait identitas, akulturasi, dan hubungan antarkelompok, yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi kohesi sosial mereka.
Analisis mengungkapkan bahwa teori kontak antarkelompok, teori identitas sosial, dan teori disonansi kognitif Festinger merupakan kerangka teoretis yang paling banyak digunakan. Metodologi penelitian didominasi oleh pendekatan kuantitatif (survei dan eksperimen) dan kualitatif (wawancara dan etnografi), dengan beberapa studi menggunakan metode campuran. Lokasi penelitian paling banyak berada di Inggris, diikuti oleh Australia, Kanada, dan Irak pasca-konflik.
Kesenjangan penelitian yang teridentifikasi meliputi: (1) kurangnya studi longitudinal yang melacak perubahan disonansi dan kohesi dari waktu ke waktu, (2) terbatasnya penelitian di konteks Asia Tenggara dan Timur Tengah, (3) minimnya penggunaan instrumen pengukuran standar yang tervalidasi, dan (4) kurangnya integrasi teoretis antara disonansi kognitif dan kohesi antarkelompok. Rekomendasi untuk penelitian masa depan mencakup pengembangan model integratif yang menghubungkan disonansi kognitif dengan dinamika kohesi, penggunaan desain longitudinal, dan eksplorasi konteks urban yang beragam.
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